Abstract

INTRODUCTION
Leveraging the Longitudinal Aging Study in India–Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia (LASI‐DAD), we describe the linguistic profile of multilingual older Indian adults and the association of second language (L2) age of acquisition (AoA), proficiency, and daily use with cognition.
METHODS
Participants (N = 492) completed a language history questionnaire and cognitive battery assessing executive functioning, memory, and language. Models were stratified by education and adjusted for sociodemographic factors.
RESULTS
While L1s varied, the most common L2 was Hindi. Most participants acquired L2 during childhood and reported high understanding and speaking proficiencies. Acquisition location, language use, and reading/writing proficiencies differed by education. L2 proficiency was associated with executive functioning among those with (β = 0.09,[0.01,0.19]) and without (β = 0.07,[0 …

Date

2026

Authors

Miguel Arce Rentería, Iris M Strangmann, Pranali Khobragade, Madeleine G Snider, Sarah Petrosyan, Shrikanth Narayanan, Erik Meijer, Emma Nichols, Leon M Aksman, Jinkook Lee

Journal

Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring

Volume

18

Issue

3

Pages

e70469